Northern Renaissance

  • The Tower of Babel

    This tower is not falling because God is angry. It is falling because it was built wrong, and you can see the mistake in every arch. Bruegel drew a structure raised on an uneven base: successive storeys are not parallel, one side is settling into the ground, and the arcades on the lower levels are…

  • Melencolia I

    There is a spelling mistake on this print. Dürer engraved MELENCOLIA — with an “e” where an “a” belongs. Nobody knows whether it was an error or a device. Scholars have tried reading it as an anagram and as a cipher; one hypothesis holds that the “I” is not a numeral at all but a…

  • Praying Hands

    The painting these hands were drawn for burned. Dürer spent more than a year on it and quarrelled with his client about money throughout — he wrote that painting this carefully did not pay, and that he would not take such work again. The panel was later sold to Bavaria and destroyed in a fire…

  • Self-Portrait

    In the year 1500, a 28-year-old German painter looked into a mirror and painted himself in a pose that his contemporaries reserved for one subject only: Christ. Dürer’s Self-Portrait was audacious enough that art historians still argue over whether it was piety, arrogance, or something close to blasphemy. Quick Facts Artist: Albrecht Dürer Year: 1500…

  • The Arnolfini Portrait

    Hidden inside one of the most studied paintings in Western art history, a tiny convex mirror reflects two figures standing in a doorway – one of whom may be the artist himself, silently witnessing the scene he painted. The Arnolfini Portrait, completed in 1434, is packed with so many layers of meaning, technical wizardry, and…